Moises Rupinski: The transportation of convicts , as a condition of pardon from a death sentence , was inaugrurated in 1614 - 15 . The Transportation Act of 1718 gave the courts the power to sentence those convicted of certain felonies and lesser crimes to terms of transportation to the North American colonies for a period ranging from 14 to 7 years. Transportation offered a secondary punishment that , unlike Benefit of Clergy , removed offenders from British society without recourse to the gallows..It was the development of Benefit of Clergy limited by statute in 1489 that resulted in judicial reprieves , royal pardons and trial by jurors` .It was the reluctance of jurors ` to see the death penalty imposed for property offences when the defendant was neither a professional criminal nor guilty of using force or the threat of force .In 1489 and 1512 Parliament passed laws stating that those convicted of heinous crimes were ineligible from Benefit of Clergy, from this po! int , the system increasingly operated to differentiate not people but crimes .From the 14th century any man who could prove that he knew Latin by reading the so - called `neck verse ` (Psalm 51-1 ) could save his neck by claiming Benefit of Clergy .. The reason you seek is Benefit of Clergy....Show more
Cornelius Thornborrow: Detailed explanations can be found in various books at your library or your text book.
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